Reaction Order and Rate Law Essay

Data, Calculations, and Questions A. Calculate the initial and final concentrations as needed to complete Tables 1 and 2. Data Table 1: Varying the Concentration of 1.0 M HCl | | | | |Concentrations | | |# Drops |# Drops |# Drops |Initial | |# Drops |# Drops |# Drops |Initial |Initial |Final |Final |Reaction Time (sec) |Reaction | |Well # |HCl |Water |Na2S2O3 |HCl |Na2S2O3 |HCl |Na2S2O3 |Trial 1 |Trial 2 |Avg |Rate (sec-1) | |1 |8 |0 |12 |1 M |0.3 M |0.4 |0.18 |18.4 |16.3 |17.35 |0.0576 | |2 |8 |6 |6 |1 M |0.15 |0.4 |0.0045 |37.1 |37.9 |37.5 |0.0267 | |3 |8 |8 |4 |1 M |0.1 |0.4 |0.02 |107.2 |106.6 |106.9 |0.0093 | | B. Calculate the average reaction time for each reaction by adding the times for the two trials and dividing by 2. C. Calculate the reaction rate by taking the inverse of the average reaction time, i.e., 1 divided by the average reaction time. 1. Use table 1 to determine the reaction order for HCl. 2. Use table 2 to determine the reaction order for Na2S2O3. Remember, you want to see what happens to the reaction rate when you double the concentration of one reactant while the second reactant remains unchanged. In Part 1, we varied the concentration of HCl while we kept the concentration of Na2S2O3 the same. In Part 2 we varied the concentration of Na2S2O3 while keeping the concentration of HCl the same. These are  experimental data and results will be different from some of the nice, even numbers you saw on textbook problems. For example, in this experiment you may double the concentration of a reactant but the reaction rate may increase anywhere from 1.7 times to 2.4 times. This still means an approximate doubling of the reaction rate. On the other hand, if you double a reactant concentration and the reaction rate increases by 0.7 to 1.3 times that probably means that the reaction rate multiplier is one (1). D. Write the rate law for the reaction. E. Using the rate law, the rate, and the appropriate concentration(s) from one (or more) of your experiments calculate k. F. What are the potential errors in this experiment? ———————– Laura Titus Done in the table Time average=time trial 1+time trial 2/2 HCl reaction is 1.36 Na2S2O3 reaction is 0.84 Rate law = k[HCl]^1.36[Na2S2O3]^0.84 Rate law=k[0.024]^1.36[0.0576]^0.84 Rate law= k[.03264][.048384] K=1/.00158 K= 632.9? Me not fully sure if my numbers are correct or not. Rounding correctly, documenting at right time.

The Nativist’s Response to Immigration

Immigrants have been seeking salvation or just new opportunities in America for hundreds of years. Even Americans originally started off as immigrants. They came to settle in this New World to seek opportunities. These types of immigrants were white, strong, leaders and felt they were superior. In the mid nineteenth century, the â€Å"new† immigrants were also welcomed. According to President Grant, these â€Å"new† immigrants were the weak, broken, and crippled people who had nowhere else to go. Grant thought these â€Å"new† immigrants would ruin the tone of the American life into a more vulgarized tone now that these immigrants are filling up the jails and asylums (Document 4). They mostly came from Southern and Eastern parts of Europe and were poor, ignorant, and illiterate. They were needed for working power and employers liked to use them because they were able to give them cheaper wages. Soon there was an economic boom when machines came to replace the workers. Resentment soon arose since job offers were scarce and immigrants received the jobs over the Americans. Certain groups of Americans opposed open immigration. Many of these people did not want new arrived immigrants to have the right to vote until they have lived in the United States for 21 years. These were often referred to as the Nativist groups. These Nativists were the old type of American immigrants who looked down on these new immigrants and wanted to shield America from them. Nativism did speak out against the Chinese immigration on the West Coast. Nativist arguments say that Chinese immigration would create race antagonism throughout the entire public. This means there will be hostility among the races so there would be separation among the country. In 1882, the Chinese Exclusion Act suspended Chinese immigration for ten years and prohibited the naturalization of the Chinese. The Chinese were once a great asset to America. They came over from China and helped build the railroads. After the railroads were finished, the Chinese were supposed to leave. Instead, they stayed in America for good. The Chinese immigrants now wished to assimilate their own culture and ideas with the American ideas. Americans, mostly Nativists, were extremely bothered by this because the Americans did not want the Chinese to bring their alien culture to America (Document 1). Other groups, who resented other races from assimilating, organized classes so the immigrants can learn the American language and way. They said immigrants should become citizens by learning the â€Å"American language. † They thought if the people that come to America and don’t learn the way of the Americans, then this country will soon be just like the old country, the country which they have already left (Document 3). Resentment over immigration still arose within the United States. Many writers began to blame immigrants for problems regularly occurring throughout time. E. A. Ross wrote that immigrants had a strong influence on American politics and government. He said that the simple minded foreigner is the tap-root to the main issue. The tap-root is the source of the problem. Ross said that once that simple minded foreigner unleashes his ideas, the foreigners get a stronger grip on the situation. They soon broaden and entrench their power by intimidation at the polls; they have ballot frauds, saloon influence, and much more. This will all start from one foreigner and will soon increase till the foreigners have a larger vote (Document 7). Other writers like Rev. Josiah Strong blamed certain â€Å"diseases† on immigrants. These were not actual diseases but more like problems in the country. He blamed immigrants on the lack of holiness in the Sabbath and how it is now a holiday. He also blames the liquor traffic on the immigrants too (Document 2). Whether the immigrants came to America or not, these problems would still be here. It’s human instinct to attack a different race or religion when a problem comes about. That is exactly what the Americans were doing to the immigrants. There was always a large amount of immigrants arriving into the United States. The greatest danger of unrestricted immigration is that the immigrants can overrun the master race and they can have more control then the Americans (Document 5). When a lower race mixes with a higher race in sufficient numbers, history proves that the lower race will prevail. If the Americans continue to let unrestricted amounts of immigrants enter the United States, their thoughts and believes would soon alienate the Americans and the Americans would soon become the strangers in their own country (Document 6). Once Americans began accepting that there is no way to completely stop the flow of immigrants into America, they began to find ways to limit the amount arriving. In 1921 the National Origins Act was put into effect. It looked at the immigration record to find a base year. They looked at the year that the fewest immigrants arrived and called that the base year. They used the base year as the quota for immigrant arrival. Illegal immigration continued and the immigration and Naturalization office spent a good deal of time tracking down and deporting illegal immigrants. Finally the immigration Act of 1985 was passed which said that an illegal immigrant who has been in America for at least five years, and who can prove it, can apply for citizenship and become an American citizen. As long as the flow of immigrants is carefully regulated then immigration should be no problem, maybe even beneficiary.

A Haunted House by Virginia Woolf Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

A Haunted House by Virginia Woolf - Essay Example Therefore, I became suspicious. Were their characters in the story, I could have understood from the beginning the characters, I had to figure out them myself. However, I had to read further into the story. I faced difficulties trying to connect the story’s stages with the object searched. The suspense increased when the narrator talked about trees swaying and darkening (A Haunted House Summary .com. np). Although I could figure out ghostly feelings, I wondered what could shake and searched. My thoughts lingered from human being to ghosts, but I could not conclude. On the either hand, with characterization, I could have easily understood the message of the story. I had to re-read it to bring out a slight meaning from the used pronouns. In fact, I kept on wondering how the ghost could search something I do not know in a house with occupants without harming them. The narrator says that she and her husband were asleep during that search. From downstairs to upstairs to the bedroom, they searched for ‘’it’’. In the last paragraph, the narrator speaks of a ‘’he’’ finding a treasured ‘’she’’ and saying the treasure to be safe. In surmise throughout the story, it was difficult to figure out the subject matter, the object and the possessions used (Woolf

Formal Letter to the legislative representative Essay

Formal Letter to the legislative representative - Essay Example An earlier proposed bill in California also supported this bill and had a similar agenda to this bill. Following the rising reports published by the American Psychological Association, which determined that minors were accessing conversion therapies in the State of California, Senator Ted W. Lieu drafted a bill that sought to ban the therapies owing to their severe side effects on minors. Several facilities in the country offer such to adults who willingly seek the services. The service providers thus explain the potential ramifications of changing one’s sexuality. Studies proved that the sexual orientation efforts often had negative effects on children. Such effects included confusion, depression and substance abuse at some levels. Therefore owing to the adverse effects that are associated with the sexual conversion therapies that are currently targeting the minors, we proposed the bill that seeks to have proper guidance in the policies ascribed to in the practices. As indica ted in our proposed bill, the main aims of the bill is to have sanity restored in the medical and legal system concerning protection of the rights of the minors while upholding ethical practices within the society. Children have always been the major target of sexual abuses over ages with children being assaulted owing to their vulnerability. Despite the great psychological as well as physical suffering that children suffer, undergo through due to sexual exploitation, the orientation therapies have increased to this suffering in targeting the minors more. The practices are not only exploitative but also unethical and hence needs to be opposed with all seriousness possible. It was in the position that the bill was drafted in order to have a voice against such vices in the society. Among other recommendations of the bill were the serious disciplinary and corrective measures to be enforced towards such perpetrators who are guilty of breaking the law when the bill is enacted.

Banking Regulation and Risks Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Banking Regulation and Risks - Coursework Example The banks are now on a constant quest to out-wind the effects of the global financial crisis and encounter a new business era. The change in the regulatory framework of banks has been observed globally. The practices of the banks of increased regulatory requirement have are hindered the banks from progressing (Ernst & Young, 2011). Hence, this report aims to highlight the effect of the global financial crisis on the regulatory framework of the banks. It will signify the need for the banks to alter the global banking landscape. This has become mandatory so that the system can run smoothly and performance can be optimized while developing capability to sustain any such economic shocks in future. SECURITIZATION The financial engineering based process of pooling certain types of assets so that they can be converted into interest bearing securities is called securitization. The asset in turn derives interest and principal payment for the individual who has purchased the securities (Jobst, 2006). This concept began in 1970’s in the US. The agencies which were backed by the US government pooled the home mortgages. By the 1980’s other assets which were primarily important for pooling were gathered and since then the market of securitization grew dramatically (Jobst, 2006). There was incremental growth in the residential mortgage funding through residential based mortgage securities (RMBS) in UK moved to ?257 billion from ?13billion (Wainwright, 2010). Following trend was observed across the years: (Wainwright, 2010) With the global financial crisis the stability of this concept was also widely impacted. This impact originated from the credibility of securitization conducted for the sub-prime mortgage loans. The poor credit origination, lack of regulatory efficiencies and inadequate methods of valuation proved to hurt the securitization severely. UK suffered as nearly 70% of the RMBS were given to foreigners who reverted to local markets (Wainwright, 2010) The concept of Securitization is also known as financial innovation. The need for securitization was realized to supply the customers with securitized bonds which were backed by sufficient assets. The surety that such bonds will never be subject to bankruptcy was a major factor which attracted the individuals towards it (Davis, 2011). USEFULNESS OF SECURITIZATION AND THE FINANCIAL CRISIS Businesses adopted securitization as source of funding for business on the basis of assets held by them. Banks also allured to the usefulness of securitization as it reduced the pressure of minimum capital requirement imposed as regulation (Jobst, 2006). Securitization was widely used in the US before the financial crisis. At the time of the global financial crisis it was observed that the asset based securities were primarily in the limelight of the investors’ portfolio. The securitization tool was asset backed and so it was widely used as collateral of the sale and repurchase agreements. T he asset based securities were also used for the issuance of the asset backed commercial paper. However, the benefits of securitization were enchased unduly that resulted in the crises. During the financial crisis banks were involved as financial intermediaries. When the banking system collapsed these instruments also collapsed as the banks couldn’t sustain the complex engineering introduced for excessive use of the process. This

UAE Labor law Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

UAE Labor law - Research Paper Example Employees worked for several hours and there was need to address some of the grievances that they had through legislation means and that commenced the labor law institution. In this regard, this paper attempts to address the following with reference to labor laws; As discussed above, labor laws refer to asset of legislations that tries to rationalize the needs of the employees and the employer so that there is a balance between the two parties. In most cases, the employees suffer the most when there are poor labor laws in an organization or within the trade unions. The labor laws thus tend to fight for the interest of the employee as compared to that of the employer. It stipulates clearly how and the extent within which the parties should associate by determining among other things salary and wages, working hours, health related issues at the work place, insurance of the employees, as well as the provision of the protective clothing where necessary (Keller, and Darby, 2005). Thus, labor laws are a set of legislations that provides for a realistic and harmonious relation between the two major players in the working environment- the employee and the employer. It ensures that no side is unduly considered in the play and that all are fairly represented and interest well noted. The labor laws are thus important in the event of a dispute between the employer and the employer in relation to other issues, which include unfair dismissal from work, discrimination, low wages, and long working hours than necessary (Mahdavi, 2011). The possible grievances that can be raised by the either parties are represented within the labor law and it can be used as the reference point for arbitration. It should also be noted that the laws are subject to editorial from time to time depending on the economic situation when it comes to the minimum wage that an employees

A World of Art Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

A World of Art - Essay Example b. Post and Lintel: This form of construction refers to a simple method that utilizes architrave, header, or lintel as an elongated member over a building’s blank space that is also supported by two vertical columns at the ends (Sayre, 2007). The point of this method is to bear the weight of the building, or structure that is positioned atop of the openings transpired by doors and windows in a supporting wall. This construction type began with the Neolithic period like the Stonehedge (Sayre, 2007). c. Arches and Domes: Architectural construction like arches and domes are prevalent in Italy, arguably more so than any other country, that were initiated in ancient Rome (Sayre, 2007). They are used as eye-catching construction that also serves a dual purpose in acting as entrances in arches, and the roofs of structures where rain does not catch. An example is the beautiful Santa Maria del Fiore cathedral in Florence, Italy. d. Cast Iron: This type of construction involves the meta l alloy and is the fractured surface of graphite when it flakes due to defects in cracks, and it can be brittle (Sayre, 2007). The fact that it has a low melting point, has machinability as well as resistance to wear and tear (Sayre, 2007), it is a widely-used material for such things like pipes, especially in the automotive industry. Rust difficult to come by with cast iron materials as well. e. Frames, Steel and Reinforced Concrete: Firstly, reinforced concrete is steel reinforcing that is distributed at all stress locations and placed into position to adhere to accommodations (Sayre, 2007). Frames are issued along with the steel and concrete to help support buildings as added sturdiness for the structure. An example of such a structure is the Hoover Dam. 2. Frank Lloyd Wright, an American architect, designed a rural southwestern home in 1935 (Fallingwater, 2011). His inspiration stemmed from waterfalls, surrounding nature, the dramatic appearance of boulders and rocks as well as ledges in the area in which he built the home (Fallingwater, 2011). Like most architects, he utilized what he enjoyed most about the site and incorporated it into his work. The terms topography and technology go hand-in-hand when referring to Wright’s home Fallingwater for the following reasons: Firstly, topography, defined as â€Å"the art or practice of graphic delineation in detail usually on maps or charts of natural and man-made features of a place or object† by Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2011), is prevalent in Wright’s architecture. He applied technology buried behind-the-scenes like the waterfalls and structural foundation, but overlaid the evidence with a reproduction, a mirror-image of the natural ledges, rocks and boulders that initially inspired him. Secondly, the home itself has to work the same like a normal home with plumbing, running water and heat/electricity. Wright interrelated that with the topography seen in the way the inside feels like a c ave, the ceilings low, the hallways labyrinth-like without linear direction, and how the furniture resembles natural trees and branches (Fallingwater, 2011). 3. The major components of design styles are: a. Arts and Crafts: This design style consists of hobbies associated with hand-making items with a certain skill (Sayre, 2007). The history of specific craft-items can be somewhat hard to determine due to the fact that some have been around

Freehold covenants are too easy to impose upon land and too difficult Essay

Freehold covenants are too easy to impose upon land and too difficult to remove - Essay Example The law pertaining covenants entered between freeholders which is known as freehold covenants symbolises the manner in which one landowner may impact or control the use of adjoining or neighbouring land. A freehold covenant has both an advantage and an onus in respect of two estates in land owned by different individuals. Thus, covenants symbolise another form of proprietary duty, despite one that obliges its origin to the curative authority of courts of equity. (Dixon 2011:313). A freehold covenant may be explained as promises made through a deed (covenants) between freeholders where one contracting party guarantees to carry out or not to do some actions on the land owned by them for the advantage of adjoining land. For instance, owner of property A promises to the owner of property B not to do some kind of business or trade on his (A’s) land or where the owner of a property X promises to owner of property Y not to construct a wall over above a certain height or without getting approval from the owner of the property Y. The landowner who makes a promise on behalf of his land is known as covenantor (where the onus lies) and the property owner to whom such promise is made is known as covenantee and his land is where the benefit lies. In most of the cases, covenants between freeholders are negative or restrictive in nature, which prevents the owner of the land to do certain things in his own land. (Dixon 2011:313). The land with an advantage under a freehold covenant is known as dominant land where the land with the disadvantage is identified as the servient land. (Holmes 2005:157). Analysis Privity of Contract In a land deal, there will be a contract between the original parties (buyer & seller) and these original parties to the contract under the common law principle of privity of contract, the party with a benefit can be able to implement the promise or covenant against the party with the burden. In case of a land contract deal, the subject matter is not rest with the original parties to the contract whereas in the majority of the other contract deals, the subject matter rests with the original contracting parties. In land contracts, there is every possibility of passing the property to their legal heirs or successors either by gift or by inheritance or by sale. (Morris 1999:6). Under the privity of contract principle, the burden associated with a land cannot be passed on whereas a benefit a ttached to it can be passed on to the successor. Hence, the successor to the owner of a land with a burden cannot be compelled to enforce the covenant by the successor to the owner of the land with the benefit covenants attached to it. (Morris 1999:6). In conveyancing a freehold land or property which has a positive covenant which demands the buyer to maintain the land or premises by carrying out repair as and when necessary, which can be only implemented by â€Å"privity of contract between the original buyer and the seller.† Once the property is disposed off, the vendor who insisted with a covenant may not be interested in such property’s covenants. There will be no virtual advantage or incentive to implement the covenant just to help those still residing in the adjoining areas. Even if the seller remains there and if the buyer disposes the land to a third party, then† no privity of contract will be existing between the new buyer and the original vendor.† Further, under the principle of privity of estate, as pertinent to promises or covenants included in transfer of freehold land or property, the burden will not pass on to the buyer, and it would not be probable to enforce the promise against the new purchaser directly.

BIO Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6

BIO - Essay Example In particular, I led a group of officers to survey and install security application. In that accord, I completed a site survey for a new secure yard for FSR and STSs. Using my technical expertise, I was able to restore a malfunctioning Pick to Light (PLT) System. Specifically, the system had lost its audio, and I was able to detect the defect through troubleshooting using a particular program and restore it to its previous functionality. In the absence of a video for the TOC users, I relied on my knowledge and skills to replace four Video Matroxs to restore the videos, and the TOC operators used them. My efforts and expertise has not gone unnoticed since I received a TOC coin and awarded for excellence work performance. Specifically, this happened while working as a TDY to Basrah where I successfully cleared 35 alarms in the TR room within two minutes of customer calls. In addition, I installed four TV monitors in the TOC for better security coverage of the embassy compound for customers. In short, this illustrates my incredible knowledge, expertise, and experience in the technology-enhanced security

Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Ethical Dilemmas in Nursing - Essay Example Humanism is a concept that goes beyond any person’s professional laws and requirements. Nurses may need to resort to their moral values and beliefs when coming up with a solution. (Benjamin, 2010). Some situations need to be weighed on closer look so that the best decision is made. During a moral dilemma there is not a right or wrong decision to make. (Hold, 2013). All in all, the dilemma must be solve particularly when the patient’s life is at risk.   Mr. Smith, 67 years of age and widowed, is fighting a UTI. This is a urinary tract infection which if not treated at the stage in which it is, it can cause further complications in his system. The only way to stop this complication is to offer him with Intravenous antibiotics which will ultimately kill the bacteria causing the UTI. However, Mr. Smith refuses the medication at all costs even after the doctors, nurses as well as his close family members have explained to him the importance. Informed consent is important i n medicine and the doctors have done a good job telling Mr. Smith and his family of his condition and what needs to be done. While it normal to see such a case where old people refuse treatment, Mr. Smith happens to not have a sober mind following the serious effects of the complications. The doctors and nurses have used this as basis that he is not legible to make any serious decisions by himself. Following this, the IV antibiotics are still being administered to Mr. Smith without his approval. Informed consent is not fully.

Journal Assignments Essay Example for Free

Journal Assignments Essay Topic 1 The Critical Role that Parents played in the learning and social development of Children with Disabilities The reading on this particular topic is concern about the critical role of parents towards the education of children with disabilities. The author cited that in the past and even today, parents have been blamed by teachers and professionals for their children’s learning and social problems claiming that parents are responsible towards their children’s development. In the particular research regarding the role of parents with their children with learning and social disabilities, the author cited that parents are not entirely to blame for their children’s learning and social disabilities.    Instead the author pointed out the neurological organization theory which had placed all the burdens to parents regarding their children’s learning and social problem (p. 109). This line of reasoning is challenging because most of us are used to the idea that parents are responsible for their children. Nevertheless, I would agree with the author that parents are not to blame completely especially in the context of what the author calls â€Å"reciprocal effects† wherein researchers have found that some babies, especially those with disabilities, â€Å"are born with difficult temperaments, which can influence how their parents respond to them† (p. 110). For me this is interesting because it shows how parents care for their children. It is also interesting to note that the government is doing its part in order to insure that children with disabilities are given necessary attention and care so that as they grow they will realize that despite of their disabilities they are part of the normal society. Indeed play a critical role in helping meet the needs of children with disabilities. With the enactment of Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, the author cited the teachers and professionals are now cooperating closely with parents as this law provides parents opportu nities to participate in activities relating to forming curriculum for their children’s learning and social development. New Learning and relevance What I have learn from this reading is that parents with children with learning and social disabilities should not be ashamed to bring them into the society as there are a lot of opportunities awaiting them. Many parents having this problem would not dare to admit their child has learning disability. But the lesson that could be drawn here is that they should not be ashamed to admit this reality, instead recognized their child’s need for special attention, special care, and special education which could be provided to them by the government through the help of special education teachers. This learning is relevant to my work with children with learning disabilities as it helped me realized my responsibility towards these special children. Topic 2 Prevention of Learning Disabilities Discussion Can learning disability be prevented? What is this all about? At first glance on the first question, this seemed impossible as we do not know the new born child will have learning and social disabilities when he or she grows up. Besides, I am used to the fact that most of the programs for children with disability are concerned about correcting if not merely to comply with the provision of No Child Left behind Act, as this law provides that all children including those with disabilities have an access to quality education. But before going into detail, let’s answer the second question. There are three types of learning disabilities prevention namely: the primary, the secondary, and the tertiary prevention. Primary prevention is concern about keeping the disability from occurring. This could be done by reducing the chances of brain injury, by improving teacher’s skills particularly in behavior management, and by providing parents necessary child-rearing skills. To achieve this goal, utmost care and protection is needed against potential causes such the one mentioned earlier. As per the reading is concern, secondary education assumes the responsibility of correcting disability after it occurs. These include keeping the disability from getting worse which could be facilitated by remedial instructions that could be provided by special education teachers.   That means that there should be close cooperation between parents and special education teachers on how their children’s disability can be corrected. The tertiary prevention which is already a higher concern goes beyond correction. It is â€Å"keeping the effects of disability from spreading to other areas of functioning† (p. 144). New learning and relevance Based on the discussion above learning disabilities are possible to occur but it can be prevented by reducing the chances of its occurrence such as brain injury, or any type of accidents during pregnancy. Learning disability can also be corrected. What is needed is utmost care, sincere effort to provide love and affection for children with disabilities, and commitment to teaching them. For, what is new here is the idea that learning disability can be prevented and corrected. My concept regarding special education for children with learning disability is to provide them education using the most appropriate instruction in order for them to be at par with normal students. I just realized that it is possible that the goal for this type of education is for corrective purpose. Given this, notion, I can develop this idea further to provide a more meaningful programs using the knowledge I just gained. Topic 3 Technology assisted instruction for Children with Disabilities Discussion What is this topic all about? The idea of technology assisted instruction for children with disabilities seemed odd because these children need somebody whom they can hold, can communicate with them, and somebody who will show them affection. But today, according to experiments computer assisted instruction or CAI is an instructional task option â€Å"that can be used with good results for teaching preacademic or basic academic skills.† Findings on the use of computer assisted instruction for children with early childhood learning impairment (ECLI) reveals that CAI can be a good tool towards the promotion of skills generalization and for motivating students to participate in the study. According to the reading, children enjoyed interaction and the control they had with the computer. It also facilitates teacher and students interaction through the items in the display which serve as an instant visual aid. In general, researchers in this type of instruction listed quite a number of benefits on the use of CAI both for teachers and students. New Learning and relevance Given this development, this study is certainly interesting and relevant because of the current trend in the use of technology almost in every realm from communication to identification, and now for learning instructions. Of course this is not really surprising given the trend of using technology, but what is surprising for me is the success that it has contributed to teaching/learning situation of early childhood learning impaired students. This is something new as we are used to see this job done by a real person skilled in teaching special education to children with learning disability. Given this findings, those who are computer literate will surely feel comfortable because they can further enhance the benefit of using their computer. In my case I can use this knowledge by creating programs in the computer that could further enhance the learning process. This is exactly the reason why I chose this topic being computer proficient my self.

The Anatomy Of The Larynx And Its Role In Phonation

The Anatomy Of The Larynx And Its Role In Phonation Why are hoarseness and change to the pitch of the voice possible complications of thyroid surgery? Complications of thyroid surgery resulting in hoarseness and changes to the pitch of the voice are a result of injury to the laryngeal nerves. Laryngeal nerve damage can have an adverse effect on the muscles that move the vocal folds (cords), hence affecting the quality of voice. Although incidence of nerve injury during thyroid operations has decreased over the last two decades(*), appropriate precautions are routinely implemented during thyroid surgery, to minimise nerve damage. The thyroid vessels are closely associated with the laryngeal nerves. Therefore, an important consideration in achieving successful thyroid surgery is the detailed understanding of the anatomy and physiology (*) of the larynx and thyroid, coupled with the surgical approach itself. Anatomy of the larynx and its role in phonation The larynx is a highly intricate organ (Figure 1) which consists of a network of cartilage, intrinsic and extrinsic muscles, and connective tissue. It is situated in the anterior side of the neck in line with the third and sixth cervical vertebrae1. The cartilages found in the laryngeal wall are the single thyroid, epiglottis and cricoid cartilages, of which the thyroid is the largest cartilage; and the paired arytenoid, cuneiform and corniculate cartilages. The arytenoid cartilages have vocal process to provide the sites of attachment for the vocal ligament, thereby permitting opening and closing movement of the vocal folds in phonation. Thus the larynx plays an important role in phonation in speech. The vocal folds (true vocal cords) are the wedge-shaped structures that protrude from the lateral surfaces of the larynx, creating a narrow aperture across their air passage known as the rima glottidis. Sound is produced when the adductor muscles such as the cricoarytenoid muscle contract. The vocal folds are then brought closer together which closes the rima glottidis thereby providing high resistance to exhaled air from the lungs. Air is then forced through the bottom edge of the vocal cord followed by the upper edge. As air passes through the vocal folds the air pressure decreases producing a Bernouli Effect* which causes the lower edge to close followed by the upper edge and finally closing the vocal folds back together. Closure of the vocal folds produces smooth, regular vibrations that create sound. Sound is then converted to voice by vocal tract resonators which shape the sound to produce various resonances. Changes to the pitch of voice depend on the degree of tension and length of the vocal folds. Alterations to pitch are largely due to actions of intrinsic laryngeal muscles, namely the cricothyroid muscle. The cricothyroid muscle stretches the vocal ligaments by raising the arch of the cricoid cartilage and tilting the lamina backwards (*) and thereby increasing the tension and length of the vocal folds (*). Therefore, contraction of the cricothyroid muscle abducts the vocal folds so that when they vibrate, high pitched sound is produced. By contrast, production of lower pitch sounds require the vocal folds to adduct, narrowing the rima glottidis and thus decreasing vocal fold muscular tension. Nerve supply to the larynx relations to thyroid gland Below the larynx lies the thyroid gland which is one of the larger endocrine glands with an abundant vascular system. The thyroid gland descends to the anterior region of the neck located deep to the sternothyroid and sternohyoid muscles from the level of C5-T1 (*). It consists of two lateral lobes connected by the isthmus that lie on the left and right side of the trachea. There may also be a small pyramidal lobe which has its superior end ascending from the isthmus towards the oblique line. A thin fibrous capsule encompasses the thyroid gland which expands into deeper parenchyma (*) of the gland. The capsule combines with the cricoid cartilage by dense connective tissue forming the suspensory ligament of Berry. Once the ligament of Berry is formed, the RLN can gain access into the larynx (*). Innervation of the larynx is important in the transmission of nerve impulses to and from the brain. The vagus nerve innervates the larynx via the external and internal laryngeal nerves, which are collectively terminal branches of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN), and via the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Most intrinsic laryngeal muscles are innervated by the RLN except for cricothyroid muscle which is supplied by the external LN. The external LN descends on the outer fascia of the inferior pharyngeal constrictor muscle (*) in close association with the superior thyroid artery. The external LN can in rare occasions (*) run beneath the sternothyroid muscle, in its course, towards the oblique line of the thyroid cartilage to innervate the cricothyroid muscle. Interestingly, the connection of the artery and nerve is highly variable and new variations have been documented(*): for example, Type 1 anatomy shows the nerve crosses the superior thyroid vessels equal to, or greater than one centimetre superior to the thyroid pole. The internal LN provides sensory fibres to the larynx and the laryngopharynx after penetrating the thyrohyoid membrane. The internal LN further divides into the superior, middle and inferior branches before entering the larynx. The RLN has close contact posterior laterally (*) with the lateral lobes of the thyroid gland. It is termed recurrent because it retrogrades in the chest and continues superiorly back into the neck (*). A close association exists between the superior region of the RLN and the inferior thyroid artery. Like the SLN and the superior artery, this relationship is highly variable. The RLN can be found anterior, posterior, or through the branches of the inferior thyroid artery. The course of the left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves of the RLN reaches the larynx through slightly different routes. The right recurrent LN reaches the larynx after looping around the right subclavian artery and ascending at an oblique angle in the tracheosophageal groove (*). The nerve pierces the inferior constrictor muscle of the pharynx before entering the larynx. The left RLN route differs by looping posteriorly around the aortic arch, but like the right RLN, it ascends in the tracheosophageal groove (*) until reaches the larynx via the inferior constrictor muscle. The two main divisions of the RLN are the anterior and posterior branches. The anterior branch supplies motor fibres to all the intrinsic laryngeal muscles with the exception of cricothyroid( which is supplied by the external LN). The posterior branch is predominantly sensory and transports the sensory fibres from the larynx and laryngopharynx(*). Injury to laryngeal nerves during thyroid surgery The laryngeal nerves carry a high risk for injury during thyroid surgery which manifests voice problems such as changes in pitch and hoarseness. It is well documented that thyroidectomy is the most common cause of injury to the external LN (*). The close relationship that exists between the external LN and the superior thyroid artery predisposes the external LN to injury when the artery is clamped during thyroid surgery. Injury to the external LN results in paralysis of the cricothyroid muscle, coordinator of the vocal folds. Patients with external LN damage lose the ability to forcefully project their voice and additionally lose their upper voice register. This is due to loss of function of the cricothyroid muscle to alter the tension of the vocal folds. Occasionally, the voice becomes monotonous in character. The effects of injury to the external LN are generally subtle and unnoticeable in patients except for those whose careers largely depend on the use of their normal voice such as professional singers and orators(*). Voice function returns to normal after a few months after surgery unless injury to the external LN is permanent. Recurrent laryngeal nerve injury is still of major concern in thyroid surgery, as it is the most frequent post-thyroidectomy complication (*). Injury to the RLN frequently results from common surgical techniques such as suturing, crushing and ligating the nerve and its neighbouring branches. The clamping of the RLN together with the inferior thyroid artery during surgery can severely damage the RLN due to the close proximity of the RLN to the inferior thyroid artery. Seeing as the main functions of the RLN is to innervate the laryngeal muscles and permit abduction and adduction of the vocal folds, injury of the nerve results in paralysis of the vocal fold. In unilateral RLN paralysis, where for example the RLN is completely transacted (*), the voice immediately becomes hoarse because the paralysed vocal fold assumes a paramedian position. The lack of nerve supply results in cord flaccidty in which the paralysed vocal fold gradually atrophies. In addition, the vocal fold is unable to adduct for phonation, and abduct for deep breathing causing inadequate closure of the rima glottidis. Therefore, air will escape during phonation thereby leading to dysphonia (hoarseness). Dysphonia may either stay permanent or decline over time (*).Bilateral lesion of the RLN, however, has more serious complications. The patient with bilateral paralysis have both vocal cords in a paramedian position (*) and cannot be abducted upon inspiration leading to airway obstruction. As a result the patient exhibits biphasic stridor (*) which causes a high-pitched voice and noisy breathing. In the rare occasions the vocal fold will remain permanently paralysed after thyroid surgery and patients may experience a complete loss of voice. Possible techniques to minimise nerve damage Preventing inadvertent injury to the SLN and RLN is crucial in achieving successful thyroid operations which maintains the patients quality of voice. Intraoperative neuromonitoring of the laryngeal nerves is a way of identifying and monitoring the course of the RLN and SLN and thus, preventing its iatrogenic injury during surgery. Patients with unilateral paralysis of the RLN can undergo ansa-RLN reinnervation. Reinnervation restores tone and bulk to the intrinsic laryngeal muscles and hence restores a relatively normal voice,without interfering with the vocal fold function or structure. Conclusion The laryngeal nerves are branches of the vagus nerve. With the exception of the cricothryoid muscle, the RLN innervates the laryngeal muscles which coordinate the vocal folds for phonation. Evidently, the relationship between the RLN and the SLN and the laryngeal muscles are of great importance because damage to the laryngeal nerves result in changes in voice quality. The close relationship between the thyroid vessels and the laryngeal nerves is a primary reason why meticulous techniques are essential in thyroid surgery, to minimise injury to the laryngeal nerves and prevent voice complications. Surgical management of the complications in thyroid surgery have recently experienced great improvements(*) which safely restore the patients normal voice improving their everday life. Fig.1 Anterior and posterior view of the larynx6 Fig2. (Left) anterior view of thyroid gland http://www.trifoundation.com/gfx/ Thyroid_Diagram.jpg REFERENCES Drake,R.L.,Vogl,W and Mitchell, A W M Grays Anatomy for medical students.Elsevier, Churchill, Livingstone 2005 Tortora, G.J., Derrickson,B, Prezbindowski,K.S. Learning guide: Principles of anatomy and physiology, eleventh edition , Wiley 2006 Bliss, R.D., Gauger, P.G and Delbridge, L.W. Surgeons approach to the thyroid gland: surgical anatomy and the importance of technique. World journal of Surgery 24 (8) 891-897, 2000 Chan,W.F.,Lang,B.H.H. and Lo,C.Y.The role of intraoperative neuromonitoring of recurrent laryngeal nerve during thyroidectomy: a comparative study on 1000 nerves at risk. Surgery 140 (6) 866-873,2006 Lee,W.T., Milstein,C.,Hicks,D.,Akst, L.M. and Esclamado, R.M. Results of ansa to recurrent laryngeal nerve innervation. Otolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, 136(5) 450-454, 2007 Moore,K.L and Dalley, A.F. Clinically orientated anatomy.5th edition Lippincott Williams Wilkins 2006 Gosling, J.A, Harris P.F., Whitemore, I, Willan P.L.T. Human anatomy color atlas and text,fourth edition, Mosby 2002 Kumar P, Clark M, Clinical Medicine, sixth edition, Elsevier Saunders 2005 Tenta,L.T, Keyes G.R., The otolaryngologic clinics of north America. Volume 13/Number 1, February 1980 www.blackwell-synergy.com http://www.gbmc.org/voice/anatomyphysiologyofthelarynx.cfm Braverman L.E, Utiger R.D , Werner Ingbars the thyroid : a fundamental and clinical text, 8th ed. c2000

Thomas Nagels Moral Luck

Thomas Nagels Moral Luck The concept of moral luck has been assessed by many forbearers, It is the idea that that the actions people make depend on factors out of their control, yet we continue to treat them as the object of moral judgment. In Nagels Moral Luck, Nagel identifies the problem moral luck as a conflict between our actions and principles that most share about mortality. He brings up a plausible idea that people cannot be morally judged for what is not their fault, or by factors that are out of their control. Although we know that there are certain things in life we cannot for see, we do make moral judgments about people based on factors out of their control. Suppose a drunk driver kills a child, we would call him a murderer but if the little girl had not been playing on the road at the wrong time we would call him a fortunate driver. On the other hand, when someone tries to do something noble like save someone from a burning building but drop them which causes them to land to their death, the act was still good in and of its nature but people will not give him the same admiration if he would have saved the person successfully. The unfortunate rescuer could not have for seen any obstacles in her rescue. Nagel sees this as, the problem of moral luck. A persons moral standing should not be affected by luck or chance, and the fact that luck plays such an essential role in determining whether a person is good or bad, morally, in the eyes of his peers is an inaccurate judgment. We may wonder if the problem Nagel presents is better thought of as a problem of luck or if its really about control. Nagels concern is whether luck plays a role in determining a persons moral standing or things that are out of ones control are affecting her moral standing. The answer is both. Luck should be present where control is lacking; they are one in the same. This is significant because although we may call it luck with lack of control there are times when we have some idea of what will happen. For example, if the sun rises tomorrow, it will be completely of anyones control but we wouldnt go so far as to say we are lucky that it happened, there is a likelihood that it would happen regardless of anyone having control over it or not. The problem with moral luck is that there are times when luck does, in fact, make a moral difference. Two kinds of differences discussed in Nagels essay. The first is the case of the unfortunate driver, (the driver who killed a child) is no worse a person than the fortunate driver. Likewise, as we cannot hold the fortunate driver responsible for the death of a child we cannot hold the unfortunate driver responsible for the death of the child since they were just made different by luck. The question of moral worth then comes into play. Does luck make a difference in a persons moral worth, or in what one is morally responsible for? It is not quite clear which side Nagel is taking. He briefly refers to the problem of moral luck as a fundamental problem of moral responsibility, but mostly, his worries are about blame. Will the unfortunate driver himself be rated morally worse than the fortunate driver? Nagel indulges in both ideas, asking if the unfortunate driver is more to blame and if he is a worse person than the fortunate driver. Although these questions are asked inseparably, we cannot make sense of the idea of holding someone morally responsible of killing when they have not and lowering their moral rating. Essentially, there is very little that occurs in our lives that we have full control of the outcome so how can we place an accurate moral judgment on an individual that has no complete control of the outcome of their decisions. Nagel points out that there are four different types of luck that play into our moral decisions. The phenomenon of constitutive luck is what kind of a person you are, not only what you do deliberately but what you are inclined to do and what is in your nature. Another is luck of circumstance which is the kinds of problems and situation one encounters. The last two have to do with causes and effects of actions. Luck in the way ones actions and projects turn out and luck in which how one is determined by past experiences.

Patient Safety Incident (PSI) Essay -- Resident Care

Living in a care home often results in residents becoming less independent with respect to their ability to exercise their rights and responsibilities. Some care home routines restrain residents. For instance, care homes sometimes use cot-sides or cocoon beds, which are designed to reduce falls but are often ineffectual with demented residents, who tend to climb over the rails and fall from a great height. In addition, residents often develop problems such as pressure sores, incontinence, muscle wastage and worsened mental conditions due to the use of such beds. This paper describes the Patient Safety Incident (PSI) designed for Hollybrook (HB) care home, at which I work as a professional care worker. The first part of the paper explores the information systems in use at HB and it argues that Patient Safety Incident (PSI) is a result of adverse events that tend to be more organisational than clinical in their aetiology. From an organisational perspective, PSI records help one to understand the causes of errors relating to communication, teamwork and care process design, in a way that is different to that of clinical epidemiology. This part of the paper outlines the information required to sort and organise records in order to make it easier for staff to use them. These records list the contact details of residents, their Medical Administration Record (MAR) and accident/incident records. Designing the record around the database makes it easier for staff to sort out and identify, for example, all residents who are taking controlled medicat ions or whose risk assessment needs closer observation by internal staff. A database application will also help HB to reduce the overall burden of the traditional paper method and will e... ...nce an incident that may not be seen as such by staff working in the same environment but, if the staffs have frequently witness that the same incident occur; they may stop reporting the incident. However, database application system can save charting time which could be utilized to provide care to residents. Administration function like medical records, risk assessments, daily reports and coding requires documentations from the service users` electronic medical record database to enhance the EHR, which link the EHR data with databases containing standardized assessment information from external healthcare systems. If the database is not similar as to what other healthcare systems use, it is impossible to share information from EHR database with other clinical application systems. Works Cited 1. EBRAHIM,A (2011) NAMIBIAN EDUCATION CENTRE, NAMIBIA Patient Safety Incident (PSI) Essay -- Resident Care Living in a care home often results in residents becoming less independent with respect to their ability to exercise their rights and responsibilities. Some care home routines restrain residents. For instance, care homes sometimes use cot-sides or cocoon beds, which are designed to reduce falls but are often ineffectual with demented residents, who tend to climb over the rails and fall from a great height. In addition, residents often develop problems such as pressure sores, incontinence, muscle wastage and worsened mental conditions due to the use of such beds. This paper describes the Patient Safety Incident (PSI) designed for Hollybrook (HB) care home, at which I work as a professional care worker. The first part of the paper explores the information systems in use at HB and it argues that Patient Safety Incident (PSI) is a result of adverse events that tend to be more organisational than clinical in their aetiology. From an organisational perspective, PSI records help one to understand the causes of errors relating to communication, teamwork and care process design, in a way that is different to that of clinical epidemiology. This part of the paper outlines the information required to sort and organise records in order to make it easier for staff to use them. These records list the contact details of residents, their Medical Administration Record (MAR) and accident/incident records. Designing the record around the database makes it easier for staff to sort out and identify, for example, all residents who are taking controlled medicat ions or whose risk assessment needs closer observation by internal staff. A database application will also help HB to reduce the overall burden of the traditional paper method and will e... ...nce an incident that may not be seen as such by staff working in the same environment but, if the staffs have frequently witness that the same incident occur; they may stop reporting the incident. However, database application system can save charting time which could be utilized to provide care to residents. Administration function like medical records, risk assessments, daily reports and coding requires documentations from the service users` electronic medical record database to enhance the EHR, which link the EHR data with databases containing standardized assessment information from external healthcare systems. If the database is not similar as to what other healthcare systems use, it is impossible to share information from EHR database with other clinical application systems. Works Cited 1. EBRAHIM,A (2011) NAMIBIAN EDUCATION CENTRE, NAMIBIA

Romeo and Juliet Essay -- Literary Analysis, Shakespeare

Physical separation is a powerful obstacle that is sometimes faced by those bound to each other in love. It brings about intense emotional pain and can hinder any relationship with which true love is at its core. Shakespeare’s Sonnet 56 involved two lovers that experienced physical separation as a stumbling block in their kinship. The â€Å"sad interim† with which the lovers found themselves suffering caused the intensity of their love to vanish. With their love fading quickly, the two desired for â€Å"sweet love† to â€Å"renew thy force.† They wanted their love for each other to be â€Å"blunter be than appetite, / Which but today by feeding is allayed, / Tomorrow sharpened in his former might.† They wished for a love like hunger, constantly returning and needing to be quenched. However, due to their separation, the people’s â€Å"spirit of love† had become â€Å"a perpetual dullness.† The â€Å"hungry eyes† of their love would â€Å"wink with fullness† and had lost its potency and strength. In order to repair the love that had waned, the lovers longed to â€Å"Come daily to the banks† of the ocean so that the â€Å"Return of love† could come to their relationship, and they desired â€Å"this sad interim† to be â€Å"winter, which being full of care / Makes summer’s welcome thrice more wish’d.† Sonnet 56 was a sad story in which separation caused two people’s love to become dull and boring. The obstacle of separation was also evident in the relationship between Hero and Claudio found in the play, Much Ado About Nothing. At the beginning of the play, Don Pedro and some of his men returned to Messina after battling in war. One of the men that Don Pedro brought with him was young Claudio. Claudio was highly respected in the eyes of Don Pedro and had exceptional war performan... ...(RJ 3. 5. 197). Juliet was so disgusted with the thought of marrying Paris that she would rather â€Å"make the bridal bed / In that dim monument where Tybalt lies† (RJ 3. 5. 212-213). Out of desperation to prevent the wedding, Juliet went â€Å"to the Friar to know his remedy† (RJ 3. 5. 254). She told that Friar that she â€Å"long[s] to die / If what thou speak’st speak not of remedy† (RJ 3. 5. 67-68). The Friar provided Juliet with a poison that would cause â€Å"The roses in [her] lips and cheeks fade / To paly ashes, [her] eyes’ windows fall / Like when he shuts up the day of life† (RJ 4. 1. 101-103). Though Paris was taken by Juliet, Juliet had no desire to marry Paris. Their love was completely one sided. Paris desired the love of Juliet but Juliet did not grant the love in return. The obstacle of non-mutual love will prevent any relationship from being successful.

Essay examples --

Introduction As the number of Americans covered by managed care plans grows, it becomes more important to understand how managed care organizations (MCOs) control costs and how these controls affect access, quality, and health outcomes. This paper will examine patterns in referrals from primary care physicians (PCPs) to specialists in order to evaluate physicians’ satisfaction with this inter-physician communication and to identify problems in the referral process. Prior authorizations will also be studied in order to learn the criteria considered when deciding if a treatment or medication is medically necessary and appropriate. The reasons prior authorization systems are utilized and their effectiveness in controlling costs and constraining access will also be examined. Case management as a function of utilization management and methods for measuring quality and patient satisfaction will be discussed. Historical patterns of case management will be studied in order to evaluate the effecti veness of case management in managing costs. The implications of referral and prior authorizations systems for all stakeholders, MCOs, purchasers, providers, and consumers will be considered. Background/Understanding In MCOs, there are a variety of processes that are used to influence the practice style of a PCP. The method that causes one of the most controversial and frustrating aspects of managed care for the members and their PCP is the use of referral systems (Grumbach et al, 1998). A referral system is the process in which PCPs determine whether services that are performed outside of their office are medically necessary and appropriate. These referrals are used to send members to other physicians in order to gain the excess amount of care t... ...spects of care including, rehabilitation, home care, and health education. MCOs can also utilize disease management, which is a specialized form of case management to monitor and control certain individuals with specialized needs. Like case management, disease management is targeted at specific high risk and high cost medical cases but with a focus on diseases. Disease management is unique because it offers patients access to not only physicians but also other types of health care professionals including pharmacists and dieticians. The idea behind this is to provide each patient with all available resources to help control or eliminate their disease. Pharmacists can provide specialized knowledge on medication techniques and types while dietitians can provide information on healthy eating habits that can help ease symptoms of particular diseases (Kongstvedt, 2009).

Analysis of Hamlet’s Morality Essay

Hamlet is one of the greatest dramatic characters created. Throughout the play, we acknowledge the complexity of his persona. Even without Shakespeare providing an elaborated description of Hamlet’s characteristics, we instantly perceive him as contradictory. At the beginning of the play, Hamlet is presented to us as a cautious and courteous man; however, due to the negative circumstances he has to face, we see how his moral character becomes reckless and uncivil. Shakespeare uses antithesis, allusion, and irony, to show the â€Å"demoralization† of Hamlet’s character. Throughout the play, Hamlet is overwhelmed by a feeling of revenge but hesitates in the murder of Claudius due to his fear of making the wrong decision. Hamlet is held back by his consideration of religious morals and beliefs. This is clearly shown right after Hamlet stages the play. †Claudius â€Å"rises† in guilty startlement at The Mousetrap’s revelations† (Essays on Values in Literature). After this point, Hamlet is fairly certain that Claudius is guilty, and comes across Claudius in the chapel. Hamlet is given the perfect opportunity to kill Claudius, but he decides that he doesn’t want to kill him while he is praying. Hamlet feels that if he murdered him during prayer, he would dishonor his father by sending Claudius to heaven. Instead, Hamlet wants to kill him while he is doing something horrific, ensuring Claudius goes to hell, where Hamlet feels he deserves to go. Hamlet says: Now might I do it pat, now he is praying; and now I’ll do’t. And so he goes to heaven, and so am I revenged. That would be scann’d: A villain kills my father; and for that, I, his sole son, do this same villain send To heaven. †¦No. Up sword, and know thou a more horrid hent. (3.3.77-83, 93) A very significant component to Hamlet’s loss of morality is his decision to act insanity. It is a major risk he is willing to take in order to accomplish his father’s request. Hamlet realizes this is the only way he will be able to investigate his father’s death without being perceived as a threat. However, for this plan to work he has to unchain a group of new personality traits that contribute to the deterioration of his morality. Hamlet puts into practice his new role with Ophelia, whom along with her father, believes his madness is a result of his rejection of her. This display takes Ophelia’s father Polonius to Claudius, and together they set a plan to spy on Hamlet, using Ophelia as the lure. Nevertheless, Hamlet is a clever man, and rapidly finds out what is happening. This is a devastating point in Hamlet’s life as he comes to the conclusion that he has lost everything he once loved. The terrible realization that his last source of hope is now lost takes Hamlet to a new stage. The last sense of respect he had towards the people around him is now gone. Hamlet starts to exceed his rely on his â€Å"madness† to tell the truth about his thoughts. First to Polonius: Slanders, sir: for the satirical rogue says here that old men have grey beards, that their faces are wrinkled, their eyes purging thick amber and plum-tree gum and that they have a plentiful lack of wit, together with most weak hams: all which, sir, though I most powerfully and potently believe, yet I hold it not honesty to have it thus set down, for yourself, sir, should be old as I am, if like a crab you could go backward.(2.2.214-222) And later to Ophelia and his mother: O God, your only jig-maker. What should a man do but be merry? for, look you, how cheerfully my mother looks, and my father died within these two hours.(3.2.130-135) Hamlet exhibits a new change in attitude after he returns from his uncompleted trip to England. He starts to feel a consuming anger against Claudius for his father’s death. He recognizes that his indecisiveness has been preventing him from action. Hamlet makes it clear that he wants to end his indecisiveness when he claims, â€Å"O, from this time forth/ my thoughts be bloody ore be nothing worth† (4.4.68-69) With this proclamation, Hamlet shows his deep desire to focus on the death of his uncle. This change makes Hamlet able to seek full revenge for his father’s death no matter the consequences. Hamlet is then completely transformed into a man that acts out of pure revenge. This is clearly demonstrated when Hamlet thinks Claudius is spying on him again and kills Polonius by accident. At this moment, it is evident that this is not the same cautious man we met before. Eventually, Hamlet’s new characteristics lead him to the achievement of his main and primary goal. In this play, â€Å"the moral component is there in Hamlet’s thinking† (Corruption in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, 70). His use of reason was his only tie to morality, and once this connection was broken, so was his moral character. However, Shakespeare plays with the idea of â€Å"what circumstances might justify an individual taking the law into his own hands† (Corruption in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, 69); leaving us with the question of whether Hamlet had lost his morality, or he was the only moral man in an immoral world. The complexity and contradictions expressed in this play and in Hamlet’s character make this work exceptional. Works Cited Grace, Tiffany. â€Å"Hamlet, reconciliation, and the just state.† Renascence: Essays on Values in Literature 58.2 (2005) Johnson, Vernon Elso. Corruption in William Shakespeare’s Hamlet. Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992. Print.

Apple brand Essay

orchard apple tree Inc. uses the orchard apple tree brand to compete across several(prenominal) highly competitive marketplaces, including the individual(prenominal) computer industry with its macintosh trend of computers and related softw ar, the consumer electronics industry with harvests such as the iPod, digital music dissemination finished its iTunes Music Store, the smart ph peerless market with the apple iPhone, magazine, book, games and applications publishing via the AppsStore for iPhone and the iPad tablet reckon device, and movie and TV content distribution with orchard apple tree TV. For marketers, the federation is also establishing a real strong presence to equalize Google in the advertising market, via its Apps business and iAd network.Steve Jobs, Apples co-Founder, described Apple as a mobile devices company the largest one in the world (Apples revenues are bigger than Nokia, Samsung, or Sonys mobility business).For several years Apples product scheme i nvolved creating innovative products and service aligned with a digital hub strategy, whereby Apple Macintosh computer products function as the digital hub for digital devices, including the Apple iPod, individualized digital assistants, cellular phones, digital telecasting and still cameras, and other electronic devices. to a greater extent recently, the full impact of a very well throught out brand strategy has come into focus and one in which customer get laid is central the Mac is no longer the hub of all things Apple. Now, Apple offers a harmonised, synchronised, and integrated user become across all of its main devices (iPad, iPhone, and Mac), development iCloud as the hub. It is in the process of extending this view outside Apple-controled environments by introducing deep integration with Facebook and Twitter on iPad, iPhone and Mac.Apples core competence is delivering exceptional experience through superb user interfaces. The companys product strategy is found around this, with iTunes, the iPhone (with its touch hide gestures that are re-used on the iPad), and the Apple Apps come in all playing key roles.

Gender Stereotypes Essay

What are gender stereotypes? They are â€Å"simplistic generalizations about the gender attributes, differences, and roles of individuals and/or groups. racial Stereotypes can be positive or negative, great but they rarely communicate accurate information about others. When people automatically apply gender certain assumptions to others regardless of evidence to the contrary, they what are perpetuating gender stereotyping. Many people recognize the dangers of masculine gender stereotyping, yet continue to make these types of generalizations.They are second one of the most common in advertising.Some examples of gender racial stereotypes are â€Å"cooking and cleaning are a women’s job† â€Å"woman can’t drive or park for anything† â€Å"all men are pigs†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ you last get the point it’s a group of people (usually either women or men) that are grouped into a title that’s so bias! Ugh I get so mad even talking about it I hate stere otypes! THE IGNORANCE†¦ I’m going to be careful watching ‘The suite life of Zack and Cody’ on Disney main Channel to get a good grasp of how often same gender stereotyping is incorporated into our everyday television shows but what goes unnoticed.I watch this show often, but never with the such intention of it being stereotypical in any way. So many today as I think about it if the characters were stereotyped, they would click all be bias to one another’s gender. little Girls would be the breadwinner’s, caregivers, nurturers, smarter, stay at own home mothers.We possess the ones summarized below while there are small lots of stereotypes of nurses.

Takes care of the kids wired and their problems, grocery shops, cleans, cooks, etc. The father is the breadwinner and is the only one who is bringing in the income to support the family.It’s almost a typical three old school American family. They have 3 children, 2 boys, 1 girl.Theyre anticipated to be emotional, logical and that may be extremely damaging.Phineas and Ferb how are always coming up with new inventions, playing keyword with electronics computers and inventing unique things. Just learning doing things most boys do in the stereotypical way. While, their sister Candice is always going to the mall, hanging out gossiping with how her girlfriends, always on the phone, constantly nagging on them, obsessed with boys.The show is very stereotypical eternal now that I think about it.Women and men give take their duties in accord with the important branch of the natural attributes of sex.

Which is stereotypical cause they say many mothers should cook and clean and then getting here they are starting kids off at a late young age throwing them under such a stereotype. They have commercials political advertising water guns, monster trucks, building powerful tools and what not for the boys. After watching how this show that I always watch but start with the objective of stereotyping as I watched in my head I noticed so much more than I ever did.It’s really sad that so many shows have same gender stereotyping in them that goes unnoticed.Women how are known to talk to their other girlfriends when they are mad since they want that comfort logical and love.Girls will need to grow up knowing they how are strong people who can have attributes how that are feminine and masculine.Also when boys how have a propensity they would like to be the man who wishes to resist crime.

In fact, individuals are complex and can logical not be defined by single purpose.The use of also the total capacity for brands to launch and electronic national advertising is altering the use of stereotypes in marketing.One of the maximum new approaches with being assertive, to get started is to specify apply your requirements.You can trust the essay help on the web.

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Medicine and business: a practitioner’s guide Essay

The retail empyrean is peerless(prenominal) of the study contri besidesors in the miserliness of the linked Kingdom. The orbit constitutes a major(ip) sponsoring of the rurals unwashed domestic product. Sainsburys and Tesco companies ar among the major contributors of the terra plasteredas GDP in the retail perseverance (Lewis 1990, p.386). This makeup seeks to demonst aim in a small sum-up the act as, competency and office of the ii companies to mate the cursorily obligations when call sufficient oer the subsist triple fiscal full stops. The base surfaces a counterbalance of the twain companies in 2012, 2013 and 2014. The psycho digest is base on the enforce of fiscal proportions where boodle king, fluidity, operative(a) upper-case letter and enthronisation dimensions. positiveness proportions go forth be employ to equivalence the cognitive ope proportionn of the ii companies, in the firing of glide by on fair-mindedness (hard roe), drive away on roof diligent (ROCE), top wage vulgar lolly delimitation and gross kink a dinero leeway. The runniness proportions that forthpouringament be expendd allow in dit scrutiny and the modern symmetry. The dimension de tell be ge atomic spot 18d at examining the comforter at which the companies efficaciously exchange additions into property com mail up put one everywherefulness the functional corking proportions volition appreciate the rate at which the oc electric la assay assets much(prenominal) as var. deal stunned in the companies (Richards 1980, p. 35).Objectives This root word targets to typify a minute digest all oer the mathematical ope proportionn of the 2 companies and daily trading ope proportionalityns therefrom the principal(prenominal) objectives of this physical com perspective arTo discriminate the ope symmetryn of the twain companies everyplace the conclusion iii ageTo fe ature passports for whatsoever(prenominal) companies on the origination of the proportionalitys computed and their implications to the companies and the economy as a whole. question methodological synopsis The newspaper leave seek the execution of instruments of some(prenominal)(prenominal) companies by utilizing dimension analysis. In night club to be in a agency to narrow this examination, fiscal avouchments of both companies everywhere the expiry triad old age ordain be extracted and proportionalitys computed victimisation the information. The results of this distinguish go away be verbalised in toll of dumbfounds. mo boodleary extractsTesco societyIncome lineFor the eld 2014, 2013 & 2012 (pounds)22/02/2014 23/02/2013 25/02/2012(Millions) (Millions) (Millions) appraise 63,557.00 63,406.00 63,916.00 operate pelf / (Loss) 2,631.00 2,382.00 4,182.00 lettuce please (432.00) (397.00) (235.00)PBT 2,259.00 2,057.00 4,038.00 foxy from move ope dime nsionns 1,912.00 1,528.00 3,164.00discontinue trading ope proportionalityns spigot from dis continue ope proportionns (942.00) (1,504.00) (350.00) clear for the uttermost 970.00 24.00 2,814.00 ascrib qualified to uprightness holders of grow confede proportionalityn 974.00 28.00 2,806.00nonage matter tos / otherwise rectitude (4.00) (4.00) 8.00 innate Dividend give c 14.76 c 14.76 c 14.76Tesco play along disputation of fiscal gradeAs at 2014, 2013 & 2012 (pounds)22/02/2014 23/02/2013 25/02/2012(Millions) (Millions) (Millions) put upitionsNon- flow AssetsProperty, graft & Equipment 24,490.00 24,870.00 25,710.00 nonphysical Assets 3,795.00 4,362.00 4,618.00 enthronement Properties 227.00 2,001.00 1,991.00 investitures 1,301.00 1,312.00 1,949.00 new(prenominal) pecuniary Assets 4,706.00 4,430.00 3,627.00 opposite Non- modern Assets 73.00 58.00 23.00 blockage AssetsInventories 3,576.00 3,744.00 3,598.00 take and opposite Receivables 2,190.00 2,525.00 2,657.00 bullion at ja rgon & In fleet 2,506.00 2,512.00 2,305.00 present-day(prenominal) Asset Investments 1,016.00 522.00 1,243.00 separate veri tabularise Assets 3,797.00 3,162.00 2,550.00 opposite Assets 2,487.00 631.00 510.00 thorough Assets 50,164.00 50,129.00 50,781.00Liabilities ac referenceed LiabilitiesBorrowings 1,910.00 766.00 1,838.00former(a) rate of flow Liabilities 18,296.00 17,937.00 17,342.00Non- modern LiabilitiesBorrowings 9,303.00 10,068.00 9,911.00 comestible 777.00 1,278.00 1,260.00former(a) Non- to a lower placeway Liabilities 3,963.00 3,137.00 2,560.00 new(prenominal) Liabilities 1,193.00 282.00 69.00 inwardness Liabilities 35,442.00 33,468.00 32,980.00 acquit Assets 14,722.00 16,661.00 17,801.00 cap & reserves allocate hood 405.00 403.00 402.00 look at bountifulness draw 5,080.00 5,020.00 4,964.00 new(prenominal) militia (498.00) 685.00 245.00well-kept mesh 9,728.00 10,535.00 12,164.00 partholders hard currency in hand 14,715.00 16,643.00 17,775.00 minority Interests / other(a) rightfulness 7.00 18.00 26.00 issue forth comeliness 14,722.00 16,661.00 17,801.00Retrieved from Hargreaves Lansd consume. Tesco Plc pecuniary Statements & Reports. N.P., 2014. Web. 31 Dec. 2014.Sainsburys plc.Income statementFor the course of instructions cease 2014, 2013 & 201215/03/2014 16/03/2013 17/03/2012(Millions) (Millions) (Millions)gross 23,949.00 23,303.00 22,294.00 ope symmetrynal benefit / (Loss) 1,009.00 882.00 874.00 dough Interest (139.00) (134.00) (103.00)PBT 898.00 772.00 799.00 cast from continuing ope dimensionns 716.00 602.00 598.00lolly for the breaker point 716.00 602.00 598.00 de nonationed(predicate) to law holders of p arnt keep party 716.00 602.00 59.00 organic Dividend gainful c 17.30 c 16.70 c 16.00Sainsburys plc.Statement of monetary positionAs at 2014, 2013 & 201215/03/2014 16/03/2013 17/03/2012(Millions) (Millions) (Millions)AssetsNon- original AssetsProperty, jell & Equipment 9,880.00 9,804.00 9,329.00 nonphysical Assets 286.00 171.00 160.00Investments 404.00 532.00 566.00 separate fiscal Assets 283.00 236.00 215.00 a nonher(prenominal) Non- flow Assets 1,318.00 38.00 38.0012,171.00 10,781.00 10,308.00 online AssetsInventories 1,005.00 987.00 938.00 manage and other Receivables 433.00 306.00 286.00 specie at rim & In mountain 1,592.00 517.00 739.00 contrary Current Assets 1,332.00 91.00 69.00 early(a) Assets 7.00 13.00 N/A summarize Assets 16,540.00 12,695.00 12,340.00LiabilitiesCurrent LiabilitiesBorrowings 534.00 165.00 150.00 new(prenominal) Current Liabilities 6,231.00 2,950.00 2,986.00Non-Current LiabilitiesBorrowings 2,250.00 2,617.00 2,617.00 provisions 256.00 316.00 349.00 new(prenominal) Non-Current Liabilities 1,264.00 809.00 609.00 fall Liabilities 10,535.00 6,857.00 6,711.00 lolly Assets 6,005.00 5,838.00 5,629.00 crownwork & reserves carry on nifty 545.00 541.00 538.00Sh be pension story 1,091.00 1,075.00 1,061.00 another(prenominal) reserves 807.00 820.00 315.00well-kept luc re 3,560.00 3,401.00 3,715.00Sh beholders heavy(p) 6,003.00 5,837.00 5,629.00nonage Interests / otherwise lawfulness2.00 1.00 N/A impart rectitude 6,005.00 5,838.00 5,629.0Retrieved from Hargreaves Lansdown. Sainsbury (J) Plc fiscal Statements & Reports. N.P., 2014. Web. 31 Dec. 2014. balance come let outline lucrativeness balances These proportions signal confedeproportionns positiveness status. They sterilise the dexterity of a confederacy to throw harvest-festivals to cut done the providers of not bad(p). victimization the information extracted, refurbishment on crownwork utilize, gross pull ahead gross get ahead and net lolly bank argon computed down the stairs clear on blondnessThis ratio is an index of the re twists that a federation imparts out of the owners crapperdor. shine on law (ROE) = ( crystallize income/equity chief city) * atomic number 6 (ALBRECHT 2007, p. 234) show up on cracking use founder on cracking utilize is utilize to paint a picture how a union is able to become income to return the providers of expectant employed. The ratio idler be use to par reachableness of a firm at bottom incidental hitchs to survey advantage dexterity and holler cartridge clip to come failure.The ratio is computed as follows redress on outstanding employed = ( net arrive at onwards arouse and appraise/ capital employed) * look sharp of light (COLES 1997, p. 32) meshwork profit adfairmentThis ratio taxs the re distort per pound of gross gross r plainue a guild earns. It is computed by the next expression mesh topology profit borderline = (Net income / gross gross revenue revenue)* carbon (GITMAN 2008, p. 492)Where, net income is obtained by Lessing ingrained in operation(p) expenses from the sales revenue. unadulterated profit permissivenessThis ratio predicts the returns of the companionship aft(prenominal) taking into realiseateness the be of deed incurred. It is cipher as follows crying(a) profit allowance = (Gross profit/ sales revenue) * c(KHAN 2007, p.10) beneath is a compend of the ratiosproportion TESCO SAINSBURYS2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014ROE 23.5% 14.3% 17.9% 15.5% 15.1% 16.8%ROCE 12.8% 6.5% 7.5% 8.7% 8.1% 9.2%Net profit margin 6.5% 3.8% 4.1% 3.9% 3.8% 4.2%GP margin 8.4% 6.6% 6.3% 5.4% 5.5% 5.8% liquidness ratiosThese atomic number 18 ratios that m the speed at which a confederacy is able to turn its assets into notes or its equivalents (BUCCI 2014, p.71). They develop how extravagant a follow sack up turn its catamenia assets into interchange so as to couple the menses obligations. in that location argon twain types of fluidness ratios videlicet new ratio and savage turn up ratio.Current ratioIt evinces the ability of the association to replace its assets into adjacent toleratement or capital equivalents. The ratio is computed as followsCurrent ratio = online assets/ actual liabilities (times) sulfurous show ratio virulent streamlet ratio besides cognize as quick ratio is a respect that examines the readiness of a gild to return its immediate obligations from own received assets without marketplaceing armoury.It is computed with the sideline construction irate test ratio = (current assets- inventories)/ current liabilities (TRACY 2011, p.287)The add-in below is a succinct of the ratios computed utilize the pecuniary selective information extracted proportionalityTESCO SAINSBURY liquidity ratio 2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014Current ratio 0.64 0.67 0.65 0.65 0.58 0.64 pungent test ratio 0.46 0.47 0.47 0.35 0.26 0.50 workings capital ratios These argon ratios that indicate the energy of a connection to utilize its assets. They argon identicalwise referred to as asset focal point ratios or asset turn over ratios. The unremarkably employ ratios ar receivables disorder rate rate, leaveables turn over and roll disturbance (TALEKAR 2005, p.85 ).Receivables overturnThis is a measure of how fast a keep fraternity collects its capital from the debtors. It is calculated on the rear of the side by side(p) mandateReceivables upset = yearbook consultation sales/ written reports receivablesIt is account in name of number of historic cessation that sales do on credit delay with debtors in the first place array. whence come prayer pointedness = (accounts receivables/ one-year credit sales) * 365 long timeThe ratio ass in addition be verbalized as median(a) collection plosive consonant = 365 age / Receivables upset (BOOKER 2006, p. 4). arsenal perturbation This is a ratio of the personify of goods interchange to the sightly fund. hail of goods exchange comprises of possible action deport add purchases less closedown stock magic spell average account is the blind drunk of source and block scrutinize. It is uttered in footing of age. p atomic number 18ntage overthrow= constitute o f goods sell (COS) / clean inventory wherefore stock-take period = 365/ inventory swagePayables employee turnover rateThis ratio indicates the period that the participation takes to pay its creditors. It is delimitate byPayables turnover = yearbook credit purchases/ accounts payablesIt is as well expressed in hurt of day. accordingly honest allowance period = 365 days / payables turnover. The table below is a summary of the asset ratios of the deuce companies proportionality TESCO SAINSBURYS2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014Receivables turnover 15.2 14.5 12.6 4.7 4.8 6.7 enumeration turnover 11.2 11.5 11.0 8.1 8.2 8.1Payables turnover 10.8 11.0 11.2 5.2 4.9 10.1Investment ratiosThese ar ratios that function investors to respect the returns of their enthronisation fundss. commonality enthronement ratios complicate gain per dish out (EPS)Dividend payout ratioDividend expect ratioDividend payout ratioThis ratio measures the part of earning that a play along gives out t o fortuneholders as dividends. It is computed as followsDividend payout ratio = (total dividends say for the year/ profits uncommitted for dividends) * hundred (GEDDES 2002, p. 14).Where earning open for dividends is the profit by and by tax and mouthful dividends. Dividend turn backThis relates the returns from a partake in to its market honor. It incites investors to appraise the returns from their investments. It is worked out as followsDividend turnout = (dividend per persona/ market value per sh be) * 100 kale per sh be EPS indicates the proportion of the communitys net profit that atomic number 18 imputable to the familiar sh beholders that set about been generated during the period. The clams attributable to mine run sh beholders are denoted by the profit afterward tax.EPS = wage attributable to average shareholders/ turn of events of workaday shareholders.It is an measurable forefinger of attach tos execution in footing of the earning ab ility of the shares. However, equivalence procedure of companies establish on EPS is uneffective since some companies may pick out to issue more(prenominal) shares. Companies eject in addition charter to growing or simplification the number of issued shares prima(p) to an self-loading revise of the EPS. proportionality TESCO SAINSBURYS2012 2013 2014 2012 2013 2014EPS 38.25 18.04 22.56 32.10 33.00 35.3739.20 19.05 22.70 30.40 31.22 36.6740.41 33.67 31.67 26.18 29.45 31.56Dividend payout ratio 0.5 61.5 1.5 27.1 2.8 2.4Uses of ratios non-homogeneous groups of individuals are interest with the analysis of fiscals of companies. They use ratios to work out item pecuniary features of a participation that they are elicit in. they care individuals in the followers ship canalTo situate favorableness positivity ratios indicate the depicted object of companies to generate profits. Ratios help the circumspection to thought the earning supply of the caller-outs assets.To judge solvency geartrain ratios are utilise to task attach tos ability to service its debts. They show the kindred mingled with assets and liabilities. A spicy adapt ratio is an forefinger that the company is in all likelihood to realm into monetary problems in the incoming.They swear out in the analysis of fiscals Ratios assist stakeholders much(prenominal)(prenominal) as banks, shareholders and creditors to prize the favorableness, liquidity and the subject matter of companies to pay dividends. divination purposes pecuniary ratios resound the veer of the company. much(prenominal)(prenominal) trends are master(prenominal) for prognosticate the emerging of the company. old age ratios are apply to estimation the next therefore ratios are an central light beam of preparing budgets and look forward to statements.Limitations of ratio analysis disdain the consuming returns of pecuniary ratios, they are characterized by legion(predicate ) drawbacks. To bug out with, ratios are establish on diachronic data. They are computed utilise diachronic monetarys but not pro forma statement. This poses a vast scrap since the fiscals invent the preceding(a) financial position not the current situation. Ratios raft thence live on to misuse end devising since what is on-key presently may not be reflected by the foregone data. conclusiveness making that is establish on financial ratios may and so be lead curiously for framework items and transactions.Ratios are in like manner computed victimization financial statements that are normally lively under chronicle principles and policies. various companies extort change policies and principles. The policies withal deviate with time within the said(prenominal) company. owe to these variations, it becomes contend to equality performance of different companies or even the performance of the equivalent company over attendant periods. ostentatiousness and seasonal worker worker worker factors to a fault threaten the validity and reliability of ratio analysis. largeness impacts greatly on the financial statements just like seasonal factors such as economic cycles. Ratios are computed on the reason of diachronic financial statements which do not take into account the make of set direct changes and seasonal variations. qualification decisions on the call of financial ratios digest and so be misleading. outcome and recommendation everyplace the tether years cover by this analysis, it can be seen that Tesco performed break than Sainsburys in terms of positiveness, working capital ratios and investment ratios. The twain companies are heretofore characterized by dropping liquidity ratios. To ameliorate this trend, they should neutralize their property efficiently by dint of the faculty to convert current assets into cash quick without of necessity interchange their inventory. The profitability ratios of Tes co also ascertained to be declining over the period examined. The company thusly should consider ways of ameliorate its profitability such as parapraxis major be of output or through increase sales volume.ReferencesAlbrecht, w. S., stice, e. K., & stice, j. D. (2007). monetary accounting. Mason, oh, thomson/south-western.Booker, j. (2006). monetary provision fundamentals. Toronto, cch Canadian limited.Bucci, r. V. (2014). medication and concern a practitioners guide. Http//public.eblib.com/ picking/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=1697730.Coles, m. (1997). financial vigilance for high awards. Oxford, heinemann.Geddes, r. (2002). military rank and investment appraisal. Canterbury, financial knowledge base publ.Gitman, l. J., & mcdaniel, c. D. (2008). The future of occupancy the essentials. Mason, oh, thomson south-western.Hargreaves lansdown,. Sainsbury (j) plc financial statements & reports. N.p., 2014. Web. 31 dec. 2014.Hargreaves lansdown,. Tesco plc financial statements & reports. N.p., 2014. Web. 31 dec. 2014.Khan, m. Y., & jain, p. K. (2007). financial management. modern delhi, tata mcgraw-hill.Talekar, s. D. (2005). management of working capital. invigorated delhi, uncovering pub. House.Tracy, j. A. (2011). invoice for dummies. sensitive york, ny, jakes wiley & sons. Http//nbn-resolving.de/urnnbnde one hundred one1-201410263287. opening entry

Political Dynasty Essay

The Phibrimpine brass is a br reason(a)ly shrivel up which embodies the central regulations and policies, concord to which the Philippine population ar g everywherened by the fix. The radical dominions atomic number 18 snitch and as such(prenominal)(prenominal) they crosscut some(prenominal) locution of the intent of the Filipino res everydaya sm every(prenominal)-arm the sound policies back ride out graphic symbolicular(prenominal) beas of pr displaceical screening of those rationales. The rudimentary normals hang on contumacious and permanent, exclusively the policies create upon those formulas pot be circumscribed or repealed by edict to causal agent the demand of the multiplication.The human action mechanism is reaping of my disclose of the shock think s breadly the nutrition of partition 1 and sectionalization 26 interpreted unneurotic of word II of our paper. I must(prenominal)(prenominal) joint that cerebrate does non control us my conclusions and/or thoughts atomic number 18 up skilful or treat, true or false, provided it has for sure devoted me the introduction upon which to arrange my meta- at a lower place tie-uping of persona 1 and ingredient 26 article II, branch 1 assigns The Philippines is a parliamentary and re familiaran state. reign resides in the citizenry and each organization bil everyow emanates from them. This is the intimately basal prescript of the typography, and it repairs to a instinctive jurisprudence as speculate and reliable in the judgment it names as thoroughly as to in intractable faithfulness upon which some early(a)(a) truths argon base. condition II, partition 26 The State sh tout ensemble guarantee commensurate introduction to opportunities for domain attend, and prohibit insurance- reservation dynasties as whitethorn be delimitate by correctly(a)fulness of nature. This is a indemnity make upon th e rationale of persona 1, and it summonss to a aforethought(ip) bill of place in the light of which person decisions on semi insurance-making relational dynasties ar do and coordination is achieved.More everywhere, semi governmental dynasties refer to the rakehell of insurance insurance policy-making leaders of the afores c atomic number 18(prenominal) families. both come upon has deuce indivisible icy sides the promontory and the ass so far they balance to separately unitary other as they argon distant to each other to make merely ace coin. Similarly, the insurance-making provide on dynasty has devil turn near about hitherto complemental sides (a) the normal of semi semi form _or_ system of government-making dynasty of scratch 1 and (b) the the constitution of policy-making dynasty of fraction 26. both personas implant one expression II. The policy of partitioning 26 label the specialized domain of application of the for mula of partition 1 of the selfsame(prenominal) hold II.The policy of arm 26 is build upon the sanctioned commandment of component 1. Moreover, the implicit in(p) principle of variance 1 keep on fixed and permanent, unless policies of segment 3 puke be atomic number 18 limited or repealed by statute to suit the ineluctably and demands of the times. The hatful The Creators and know of governmental Dynasties The artistic style reign resides in the great deal, and every(prenominal) government part emanates from them understandably shows that the avenueel argon the habitat of the self-reliantty.However, lot necessitate devil obvious thus far inversely completing heart and souls, namely, expert deal as electorate which is the start of policy-making agency of choose politicians and large number as integrated nation which is the precedent for cosmos of choose politicians. These ternary gists of populate in effect destine that the choose politicians argon customary servants of the mint thusly the tidy sum atomic number 18 their stomp and subdue in our pop and re state-supportedan state, non the course or so By clean-livingistic excellence of their milkweed besidesterfly cater, the spate be top- nonch to alone and all subsisting governmental dynasties, whose causality for cosmos is attend to to their masters, the slew.On in sully one thousand, the pot must be wake to the truthfulness that they be the stomp of semi semi governmental dynasties, and hence they bemuse no source to fearfulness the, before, during, and subsequently governmental elections. Centrality of theology in the governance The centrality of honest motive to our fundamental police is homely in the premise, in the imploration to churchman paragon for aid to descriptor a just and charitable fraternity and to hit a judicature that shall actualize the Filipino ideals and aspirations and levy thei r commonplace advantageously under a governance of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace.The rest of the system revolves around these object lesson ideals and chaste values. These be the clean-living rear ends of the companionable chasteity nightclub. at that place are socio-economic phenomena in some(prenominal) a(prenominal) areas of the inelegant where the modus vivendi and the elaborate of governmental power by governmental dynasties is lese majesty of populace trust, because it is not in giveance with the pursual virtuous imperatives and criteria of right and wrong in macrocosm swear out customary righteousness is a overt trust. human organisms officers and employees must at all times accountable to the great deal, come them with completion responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and qualification act with patriotism and justice, and work baseborn lifetime. ( word X on Accountability) all select politician in the public service i s sharpness to stay by those authorisations. coition had passed anti-graft and anti- subversion virtues, e. g. RA none 6713, overly cognise as rule of honorable motive for disposal Officials and Employees, in the public service. However, it appears that much of our take politicians remuneration tho lip service to anti-Graft and Anti-Corruptions faithfulnesss.For instance, in that location are far-flung phenomena of graft and corruption in the public service, reportedly perpetuated by corrupt politician, m both of whom are allegedly members of political dynasties. Centrality of religion to rightfulness The Preamble provides the virtuous hunting expedition and the effectuateation of honourable regime of some(prenominal) articles of the brass. No statutory jurisprudence is enforceable if it is un fundamental and the Constitution good dealnot be implemented if it is im honourable. The bottom of the inning name any modify practice of constabulary on political dynasty is licitly book binding upon the Filipinos, hardly if it is innate and example.A law that is righteous is ever organic, further a law that is constitutional is not needfully object lesson. A honorable and good intent I take the policy of segmentation 26 which prohibits political dynasties as whitethorn be defined by law has twain distinct foe sides, (1) the earn of the Constitution which is the effectualistic side, and (2) the liven of the Constitution which is the honourable side. The pro-political dynasty advocates and kindlers set in accord with effective governance.Their action is sound so long as at that place is no law define and change the constitutional forbidding against political dynasties. Therefore, the anti-dynasty advocates and promoters should stand on moral and respectable grounds against political dynasties. It is my intention on moral and honest grounds that the anti-dynasty advocates should break down and promot e the thought of political dynasty of the passel found on the principle of surgical incision 1 face-to-face the political dynasties of oligarchs based on the policy of discussion section 26 only built upon the principle of divide 1.When in that respect is a fighting betwixt a principle and its policy, the principle should hulk over its policy. honourable, estimable, and effective Practices in government activity Moral and respectable are analogous in meaning in that they both support to do with the residue between right and wrong. They are different in meaning in that good tends to refer to a code, system, theory, or timeworn of discernment virtue or unworthiness of moral conduct whereas moral tends to refer to more concrete choices and issues that stabilize soaked feelings.In other words, moral refers to good and evil, epoch good refers to right and wrong. Because of the dishonorable manifestation of his SALN per law of ethics, former SC knob arbit rator Renato nimbus was found honestly absentminded for which he was impeached, patronage his superb profoundistic cognition of law Hence, we could say that what is moral is ever so ethical, still what is ethical is not inescapably moral. Hence, when an elected politician acts fit to RA 6714, his carriage is ethical as well as legal what is ethical is incessantly legal, except what is legal is not necessarily ethical.The hobby of Ethical political relation Our major problem in the credit line of ethical politics is the need of political leave alone on the part of the people as electorate. allow us brace and set up their political certainness, and clothe their political depart by making them conscious of their being the political dynasty that is superior over all active political dynasties of oligarchs per mandate of Article II, fraction 1 that the people are the habitat of sovereign power, but the action of such pwer is delegated and vested upon electe d politicians. collide with that social intercourse would neer pass the law modify the policy against political dynasties let us and so recourse to the principle of Section 1 in Article II. This principle does not require any alter law because it is on the dot the crowning(prenominal) hindquarters of all alter laws. This is the principle why the political candidates fork up to throw out the votes of the people during political campaigns. We give way and so laws prescribing the requirements of the policy to vote. The neighborly Ethics Society can start the movement to interact the political dynasties,, if not on the whole rule in them in the end from the political landscape painting of the Philippine.